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061-283-6003 (SL2) - Adjust Indirect Fire

Standards: Determined the target location to within 250 meters of its actual location. The initial call for fire was made within 3 minutes after the target was identified. Adjustments were sent within 45 seconds after each round impacted. Observer entered the fire-for-effect phase using no more than six rounds (initial round plus five for adjustment). Fire for effect was within 50 meters of the target using successive bracketing procedures (or creeping fire if danger close).

Conditions:
Given a pair of binoculars, a radio, a
compass, pencils, a coordinate scale, a map
of the target area, a target to engage
within the area, and grid location of
friendly troops.

Standards:
Determined the target location to within 250
meters of its actual location. The initial
call for fire was made within 3 minutes
after the target was identified. Adjustments
were sent within 45 seconds after each round
impacted. Observer entered the
fire-for-effect phase using no more than six
rounds (initial round plus five for
adjustment). Fire for effect was within 50
meters of the target using successive
bracketing procedures (or creeping fire if
danger close).

Performance
Steps

1.   Locate the target within 250 meters of the actual
target location.

a.
Locate the target by grid
coordinates.

b.
Determine the direction
from your position to the target.

c.
Formulate a call for
fire. Include the elements of the
call for fire in sequence.

(1) 
Observer identification
(your call sign).

(2) 
Warning order (adjust
fire).

(3) 
Location of target.

(4) 
Description of the
target (for example 
"INFANTRY PLATOON IN
THE OPEN").

(5) 
Method of engagement
(may be omitted if area fire is
desired).

(a)   If the target is within 600 meters of friendly
troops, announce "DANGER
CLOSE" to the fire
direction center (FDC) in the
initial call for fire, in the
method of engagement phase.

(b)  
Use creeping
procedures to adjust danger
close fire. Range corrections
should NOT exceed 100 meters.

(c)  
Initial target
location is reported on the
enemy side of the target.

(6) 
Method of fire control.

Note. The request for a fire mission would be similar to
figure 061-283-6003-1.



Figure  061-283-6003-1.
Initial Fire Request



2.   Transmit the call for fire to the FDC within three
minutes of target identification.

a.
Conduct three
transmissions.

(1) 
Send observer
identification and warning order. 
Example: 
“A4Z57, THIS IS G3H71,
ADJUST FIRE, OVER.”

(2) 
Send target location. 
Example: 
“GRID NG180513, OVER.”
(Give the six-digit grid of the
target, with the grid zone
identifier, to within 250 meters
of the actual target location.)

(3)  Send target description, method of engagement, method of
fire and control. 
Example: 
“INFANTRY IN THE OPEN,
ICM IN EFFECT, OVER.”

b.
Give the direction to the
target within 100 mils (M2 compass)
or five degrees (lensatic compass)
or give an accurate cardinal
direction (no compass available) of
the actual target location. This
should be sent before the first
correction, or with the first
correction.

3.   Adjust rounds to within 50 meters of the target,
within 45 seconds of the impact of
each adjusting round.

a.
Spot each round when it
impacts as right or left, over or
short of your target.

b.
Determine corrections for
deviation left or right of the
target.

Note.
 Measure
deviation
.
Measure the horizontal angle in mils,
using the reticle pattern in the
binoculars or hand measurement of
angular deviation. Estimate the range
to the target and divide by 1,000.
This is the observer-target (OT)
factor. If the OT distance is 1,000
meters or greater, the OT factor is
expressed to the nearest whole number.
If the OT distance is less than 1,000
meters, the OT factor is expressed to
the nearest 1/10th. For example, 800 =
0.8. Multiplying the OT factor by the
deviation measured in mils produces
deviation corrections in meters.

c.            
When the first range
spotting is observed, make a range
correction that would result in a
range spotting in the opposite
direction. For example, if the first
round is short, add enough to get an
over on the next round. This is
called successive bracketing (figure
061-283-6003-2).
Figure  061-283-6003-3 shows
the impact of the initial round. The
target is 2100 meters away. Since
the round is beyond the target, you
must drop. You estimate that the
round is 250 meters beyond the
target. Therefore, you must drop 400
meters to start successive
bracketing procedures. The round
impacted 50 mils left of the target.
With an OT factor of 2, the round
impacted 100 meters left. Your
correction to the FDC is "RIGHT
100-DROP 400-OVER.”

WARNING


DO
NOT BRACKET when DANGER CLOSE, it
could result in friendly casualties,
use the creeping fire procedure (all
corrections are 100 meters or less)




Figure
 061-283-6003-2. 
Successive Bracketing







Figure  061-283-6003-3. 
Impact of Initial Round



d.
Continue splitting the
range bracket until a 100-meter
bracket is split or range correct
spotting is observed, maintaining
deviation on line. (Figure 061-283-6003-4
and  061-283-6003-5
show the next adjustments).





Figure  061-283-6003-4.  Second
Round






Figure  061-283-6003-5. 
Third Round



e. Transmit corrections to the FDC in meters. The initial
correction should bracket the target
in range. The adjustment phase of a
fire mission would resemble the
example shown in figure 061-283-6003-6.
Deviation correction should be made
to keep the rounds on the observer
target line.





Figure 061-283-6003-6. 
Adjustment Phase



f.  Use the following
guide to establish a bracket. When
the estimated round impact distance
to the target is-

(1) 
More than 400 meters,
add or drop 800 meters.

(2) 
More than 200 but less
than 400 meters, add or drop 400
meters.

(3) 
More than 100 but less
than 200 meters, add or drop 200
meters.

(4) 
Less than 100 meters,
add or drop 100 meters.

(5) 
Add or drop 50 meters
and announce fire for effect.

4.   Initiate fire for effect. When a 100-meter bracket
is split or a range correct spotting
is made, the fire-for-effect phase is
entered (figure 061-283-6003-7).
Figure 061-283-6003-8
shows a simulated pattern that might
be observed in the fire-for-effect
phase and the observed results of fire
for effect are reported.






Figure  061-283-6003-7. 
Fourth Round





Figure  061-283-6003-8. 
Fire for Effect Pattern



5.   Observe the
results of fire for effect, transmit
refinements (if necessary), and
provide end of mission and
surveillance (figure 061-283-6003-9).

a.
Determine the effects on
the target.

b. Give a brief description of what happened to the target. 
Example: 
“EOM, TARGET DESTROYED,
ESTIMATE TWO CAUSALITIES, OVER.”



Figure  061-283-6003-9. 
End of Mission



Evaluation
Preparation:

Setup:
Ensure that a target is readily identifiable
to the soldier and the required equipment is
present and operational. The evaluator must
know the grid location, direction, and
distance to the target that will be used.

Brief
Soldier:
Identify the target to the
soldier. Tell the soldier he must enter the
fire-for-effect phase using no more than six
rounds (initial round plus five for
adjustment). Fire for effect must be within
50 meters of the target, using successive
bracketing procedures. The initial call for
fire must be made within 3 minutes after the
target has been identified. Adjustments must
be sent within 45 seconds after each round
impacts.

Note.
Ensure that the soldier understands exactly
what is expected of him, but do not help him
in any way.

Performance
Measures

GO

NO
GO

1.   Located the target to within 250 meters of the
actual target location.





2.   Transmitted the call for fire to the FDC within
three minutes of target
identification.





3.   Adjusted rounds to within 50 meters of the target,
within 45 seconds of the impact of
each adjusting round.





4.   Entered the fire for effect phase when a 100-meter
bracket was split, or when a range
correct spotting was obtained.





5.   Observed the results of fire for effect,
transmitted refinements (if
necessary), and provided end of
mission and surveillance.





Evaluation
Guidance:
Score the soldier GO if all
performance measures are passed. Score the
soldier NO GO if any performance measure is
failed. If the soldier fails any performance
measure, show what was done wrong and how to
do it correctly.

References

 

Required

Related

 

FM
3-90.30

 


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