C.B.R.N. Study Guide
C.B.R.N. Army Board Study Guide

Posted Sunday, June 25, 2006

What are the five levels of MOPP?

MOPP 0

• IPE and Field Available for immediate donning
• Protective mask w/ filter and hood installed available

• Overgarment and Field Gear worn
• Footwear covers, mask and gloves carried

• Overgarment, Field Gear, Footwear covers worn
• Mask and Gloves carried

• Overgarment, Mask and Hood, Field Gear and Overboots worn
• Gloves carried

• Overgarment, Mask and Hood, Field Gear, Fotwear covers and Gloves wrn

What does JSLIST stand for?
Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology

What does MOPP stand for?
Mission Oriented Protective Posture

When under an NBC attack, when do you give warning?
After you mask

What are the proper masking procedures?
Stop breathing and close your eyes, don protective mask, clear mask, check the seal of the mask, sound the alarm to alert others, and continue the mission

What does C.B.R.N. stand for?
Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear

NBC hazards are classified into two types, what are they?

1. Immediate hazards- produce casualties immediately after attack
2. Residual hazards- Delayed effects

What will replace the Nerve Agent Antidote Kit (NAAK) based on shelf life expiration dates?
The Antidote Treatment, Nerve Agent Autoinjector (ATNAA)

What is the number of Antidote Treatment Nerve Agent Autoinjector (ATNAA) that must be given as immediate first aid treatment for nerve agent poisoning?
3

What is the number of Nerve Agent Antidote Kits (NAAK) that must be given as immediate first aid treatment for nerve agent poisoning?
3

Alarms and signals convey warnings of NBC contamination. Units use easily recognizable and reliable alarm methods to respond quickly and correctly to NBC hazards. What are three types of alarms and signals?

1. Audible Alarms
2. Automatic Alarms
3. Visual Signals

What Field Manual covers NBC Operations?
FM 3-11

What Field Manual covers NBC Protection?
FM 3-11.4

What Field Manual covers NBC Decontamination?
FM 3-5

What is FM 3-7?
NBC Handbook

What forms do Chemical Agents come in?

• Vapors
• Solids
• Liquids
• Gases

Soldiers in MOPP 4 may lose how much water per hour through perspiration?
1 quart or more

When fitting the protective mask, in what sequence should the straps be tightened?

1. Forehead straps
2. Cheek straps
3. Temple straps

Which of the NBC reports is most widely used?
NBC 1

What are the three types of procedures for MOPP gear exchange?

1. Buddy Team
2. Triple Buddy
3. Individual

What are three fundamentals of NBC defense?

1. Avoid contamination
2. Protection
3. Decontamination

How long should you apply pressure when using the Auto injector?
10 seconds

What do you do with the Auto injector after injecting?
Stick it through the pocket flap (upper left) so that you do not lose count and so that someone that happens to come across the casualty will know that they have already been given X amount of injections and will not give them more than needed.

The protective mask will not protect against what two types of gases?
Ammonia vapors or carbon monoxide

When giving Buddy Aid, whose auto injectors would you use?
The other person (the person's auto injectors that is receiving the medication)

When giving Buddy Aid, how long should you wait if still experiencing the symptoms of Nerve agent, to administer a second nerve agent antidote (MK1)?
Immediately give the second and third

When giving Self Aid, how long should you wait if still experiencing the symptoms of a Nerve Agent before administering a second MK1?
Wait 10 to 15 minutes; also wait 10 to 15 minutes between 2nd and 3rd

Once a unit has masked, who can make the decision to unmask?
The unit commander

What is the shape of the contamination markers?
Triangle

What type of attack does an M22 ACADA alarm warn you of?
Chemical (ACADA = Automatic Chemical Agent Detection Alarm)

What are the three levels of Decontamination?

1. Immediate
2. Operational
3. Thorough

How often should you check your protective mask during peacetime?
Before, during and after training events, monthly, and semi-annually. (refer to TM 3-4240-339-10 and 20&P manuals) The minumum is MONTHLY...

What are the dimensions of an NBC marker?
11 1/2 inches on the top by 8 inches on either side

What are the 9 mild symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?

1. Unexplained runny nose
2. Unexplained headache
3. Sudden drooling
4. Difficulty seeing (dimness of vision and miosis)
5. Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathing
6. Localized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of contaminated skin
7. Stomach cramps
8. Nausea
9. Tachycardia followed by bradycardia (Tachycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeat wth a heart rate of over 100 beats per minute. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute)

What are the 11 severe symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?

1. Strange or confused behavior.
2. Wheezing, dyspnea (difficulty in breathing), and coughing.
3. Severely pinpointed pupils.
4. Red eyes with tearing.
5. Vomiting.
6. Severe muscular twitching and general weakness.
7. Involuntary urination and defecation.
8. Convulsions.
9. Unconsciousness.
10. Respiratory failure.
11. Bradycardia.

When crossing a contaminated area, what 2 things should you avoid doing?
Stirring up dust and touching anything

Of these 3, Nerve, Blood, and Blister agents, which causes the most casualties?
Nerve agents

How should an area that is suspected of contamination be crossed?
Quickly, avoiding depressions and vegetation

What are the 3 effects of a nuclear explosion?

1. Blast
2. Heat
3. Radiation

What is the color of a Nuclear (radiological) contamination marker?
White background with ATOM in black letters

What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Nuclear assets?
Last Resort, will use first only if necessary

What are Flash Burns?
Direct burns produced by the flash of thermal radiation from the fireball

What causes the most casualties in a nuclear attack?
The initial blast and the heat of detonation

What is the difference between Dose Rate and Total Dose?
Dose Rate is the amount of radiation per hour; Total Dose is the actual accumulation

Who has the authority to order the use of nuclear weapons?
Only the President of the U.S.

What are the 3 types of nuclear bursts?

1. Air
2. Ground
3. Subsurface

What does an AN VDR-2 detect and measure?
The AN VDR-2 detects and measures nuclear radiation from fallout and radioisotopes.

An NBC-1 report is used to determine what?
The initial detection of NBC weapons usage by the enemy

What FM covers Nuclear Contamination Avoidance?
FM 3-11.3

For maximum radiation effect, which nuclear burst would you use?
Air burst

What is the best way to protect against Biological agents?
Personal hygiene

What is a vector?
An insect used to disseminate biological agents (fleas, ticks, lice, mosquitoes....)

What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Biological assets?
No Use

What is meant by Biological Warfare?
The intentional use by an enemy, of germs or toxins, to cause death and disease among personnel, animals, plants, or more rarely, to deteriorate material

What is the color of a Biological contamination marker?
Blue background with BIO in red letters

What does FM 3-3 cover?
Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Contamination Avoidance

What are the 4 types of microorganisms found in Biological agents?

1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Rickettsiae
4. Viruses

What is the best decontamination for Biological agents?
Warm soapy water

Where would a biological attack be most effective?
Cities, large troop concentrations, animals and vegetable crops

How may Chemical Agents be deployed?

• Arterial spray
• Artillery bombs
• Individuals (pollution of water, food and supplies)
• Mines
• Rockets

What are the most effective times to use chemical agents?
Evening and early morning (The lack of wind and sun allows the agents to persist)

Chemical agents are classified by the U.S. into 3 categories, name them

1. Persistent
2. Non-Persistent
3. Dusty

What is the current U.S. policy regarding the use of Chemical assets?
No First Use

What is the color of the Chemical contamination marker?
Yellow with GAS in Red letters

What are the 4 types of Chemical agents?

1. Nerve
2. Blister
3. Blood
4. Choking

What decontamination equipment is available for chemical agents?

• M291 SDK - To decontaminate your skin completely, through physical removal, absorption, and neutralization of toxic agents without long-term effects.
• M295 IEDK - To decontaminate your chemical protective gloves, mask, hood, overboots, LCE, and weapon.
• M100 SDS - To perform immediate decontamination of equipment, vehicles, and crew-served weapons.
• FSDS - To perform fixed-site and terrain decontamination. To perform operational and thorough decontamination of vehicles and equipment.
• M12A1 PDDA - To spray decontaminating agents, STB slurries and solutions, and hot, soapy water rinses during field decontamination operations. To pump water or foam to fight fires, deice items, wash vehicles, and pump various fluids.
• M17 LDS - To perform operational and thorough decontamination of vehicles and equipment. To provide troop showers, as necessary.
• MPDS - To perform operational and thorough decontamination of vehicles and equipment.